Every little thing in society can really feel geared towards optimization – whether or not that’s standardized testing or synthetic intelligence algorithms. We’re taught to know what end result you wish to obtain, and discover the trail in direction of getting there.
Kenneth Stanley, a former OpenAI researcher and co-founder of a brand new social media platform known as Maven, has been preaching for years that this technique of considering is counterproductive, if not outright dangerous. As an alternative of prioritizing targets, Stanley says we ought to be prioritizing serendipity.
“Sometimes, in order to find those stepping stones that will lead to the things we care about, we have to get off the path of the objective and onto the path of the interesting,” Stanley advised TechCrunch in a video interview. “Serendipity is the opposite of finding something through objectives.”
The thought of looking for novelty for its personal sake began as an algorithmic idea that Stanley research known as open-endedness, a subfield of AI analysis about methods that “just keep producing interesting stuff forever.”
“Open-ended systems are like artificially creative systems,” stated Stanley, noting that people, evolution and civilization are all additionally open-ended methods that proceed to construct on themselves in sudden methods.
This algorithmic perception morphed right into a life philosophy for Stanley. He even wrote a e book about it in 2015 together with his former PhD scholar Joel Lehman known as Why Greatness Can not Be Deliberate. The idea took off, making Stanley one thing of a world point of interest for the brazen concept that, really, you possibly can simply do issues as a result of they’re attention-grabbing, fairly than as a result of it’s worthwhile to full some said goal.
However in 2022 whereas main an open-endedness crew at OpenAI, Stanley stated he was “boiling over with discontent” and “had this epiphany” the place he determined to cease speaking about bringing open-endedness to wider audiences and as an alternative begin doing one thing about it.
What if, he requested himself, he created a “serendipity network,” a system that’s set as much as enhance the likelihood of serendipity, for different individuals to take pleasure in?
So he stop his job and set about to create Maven, a social community constructed round an open-ended AI algorithm that evolves to hunt novelty. When signing up, customers choose a sequence of matters to observe — from neuroscience to parenting — and the algorithm exhibits them posts that align with their pursuits. At this time’s social media algorithms additionally present you stuff you would possibly discover attention-grabbing, however the distinction is they’re optimized to maximise person engagement, usually by boosting sensationalistic content material, to create extra advert impressions and income. Maven, in contrast, doesn’t simply present you the preferred posts on matters that you just discover attention-grabbing. The algorithm exhibits you posts primarily based on the chance that you just’d discover them interesting.
Maybe most revolutionary, Maven does away with social media’s present arrange – there aren’t any likes, upvotes, retweets or follows, and there’s no method to amplify content material to the lots.
As an alternative, when a person posts one thing, the algorithm robotically reads the content material and tags it with related pursuits so it exhibits up on these pages. Customers can flip up the serendipity slider to department out past their said pursuits, and the algorithm working the platform connects customers with associated pursuits. So if, for instance, you’re following conversations about city planning, Maven may additionally counsel conversations about public transit.
And whereas there’s no method to observe individuals on the platform, you possibly can see and join with different individuals who observe matters you’re enthusiastic about.
In plenty of methods, Maven seems like an antidote to in the present day’s social media, the place the “objective paradox is on full display” as individuals fall over themselves to create sensationalist content material that can garner extra consideration and recognition.
“The echo chambers and the toxicity, the narcissism amplification and personal branding has gone totally out of control so that people are losing their soul and turning into brands,” stated Stanley.
The addictive qualities of social media, hurt to psychological well being in adolescents and adults, and skill to polarize nations is effectively documented. These, Stanley says, are the unintended penalties of formidable targets, the end result of constructing reputation a proxy for high quality.
“And then you get all these other things because once you have popularity, you have perverse incentives,” he stated.
Stanley famous that Maven customers can flag inappropriate content material or misinformation when it pops up, and its AI is actively monitoring for extremely inflammatory, offensive “or worse” content material. He stated Maven can’t repair the nastiness in human nature, however by eliminating the incentives behind sharing such content material, Stanley hopes it might change the “overall aggregate dynamic of how people are behaving.”
Some social media firms have tried to fight such incentives prior to now. Instagram in 2019 examined out hiding likes to curb comparisons and damage emotions that include attaching reputation to content material. X, previously Twitter, is making ready to make likes personal, as effectively, however for much less healthful causes. In a really Elon Musk-inspired line of considering, X’s objective is to create extra engagement by permitting individuals to privately like “edgy” content material that they in any other case wouldn’t to guard their public picture.
Maven is much less enthusiastic about connecting customers with audiences, and extra targeted on connecting them with what’s attention-grabbing.
The issue of monetization
Stanley and his co-founders – Blas Moros and Jimmy Secretan – soft-launched Maven in late January. The platform publicly debuted in Might alongside a Wired function that Stanley says gave Maven a high trending spot on Product Hunt and introduced on hundreds of signal ups.
These are nonetheless small numbers in comparison with different new entrants into the social media area. Bluesky, which launched in 2021, has had 5.6 million signal ups. As of January 2024, Mastodon had 1.8 million lively customers. Farcaster, a brand new crypto-based social protocol that simply raised $150 million, has counted about 350,000 signups. All of those new networks might want to develop considerably in the event that they’re to be thought of profitable.
It’s nonetheless an open query over whether or not Maven will even be capable to develop its person base with out the very poisonous qualities we like to hate, however which nonetheless drag us again to the cesspit that’s social media.
Maven raised $2 million in 2023 in a spherical led by Twitter co-founder Ev Williams, Stanley advised TechCrunch. OpenAI CEO Sam Altman additionally participated within the spherical. Stanley stated Williams and Altman invested as a result of, like many people who’ve turn out to be endeared by Maven’s nearly too-sweet-for-this-world ethos, they assume the world and the web wants one thing like this.
And certainly, Maven’s idealistic hope to attach individuals to attention-grabbing concepts is a breath of recent air that smells just like the early 2000s, when the web was a spot of connection and exploration. Sentiments from early customers on the platform are principally optimistic and optimistic, as many got here to the platform for real and serendipitous interactions and the promised freedom from toxicity.
However will idealism be sufficient to convey on extra institutional buyers later when Maven needs to develop?
“I think the challenge we face is that going forward, that becomes a harder and harder way to raise money,” stated Stanley, noting that buyers received’t be throwing down thousands and thousands except there’s a transparent path to get a return on their funding.
“I just need to find the right investors going forward and quickly get to a sustainable business model,” he continued, musing over the thought of a subscription mannequin that might permit Maven to maintain its ideology intact.
There are, after all, different methods for Maven to herald income. Promoting is one path, however one which appeals much less to Stanley due to how tied up it’s with virality and sensationalism.
Down the road, Maven might additionally probably promote its knowledge to firms like OpenAI which can be coaching their algorithms on reams of knowledge. OpenAI earlier this month signed a cope with Reddit to coach its AI on the social media firm’s knowledge. And Maven’s worth proposition from an AI standpoint isn’t even simply the content material on the platform – it’s the open-ended algorithm working it.
Stanley advised TechCrunch he believes open-endedness is important to synthetic common intelligence (AGI), a kind of AI that goals to match or surpass human capabilities throughout a spread of cognitive duties. Open-endedness is “such a salient aspect of being intelligent,” Stanley stated. “It’s like this creative and also curiosity-driven aspect of being human.”
“The data is interesting from an AI perspective, because it’s data about what is interesting,” stated Stanley, noting that present AI fashions are lacking the intuitive understanding of what’s attention-grabbing and what’s not, and the way that may change over time. Nevertheless, though the information has potential worth to AI, Stanley stated Maven has no cope with any firm to grant entry to that knowledge.
And whereas he stated he hasn’t dominated that chance out sooner or later, he would assume very fastidiously about what the implications of sharing such knowledge can be.
“That’s not the point of this for me,” he stated, noting that he’s not satisfied that it will be a great factor for neural networks to be fully open-ended as a result of that may make any inventive endeavors by people fully pointless.
“I really wanted to create this worldwide serendipitous community,” he stated. “It’s not like I have a side plan that we’re going to use Maven to create open-ended AI or something. I just wanted to create something for people because I started to feel like everybody’s gonna be talking to chatbots more and more and we’re gonna be less and less connected with other people. And I was contributing to that being an AI researcher.”
“Something about this idea of a serendipity network made me feel morally better, like I could actually contribute to people being more connected rather than less.”